Migrants stand together along the U.S./Mexican border wall as they wait to turn themselves over to the U.S. Border Patrol on Feb. 12, 2019 in El Paso, Texas.Joe Raedle/Getty Images
Congressional Republicans and Democrats have reached a spending deal to avoid another U.S. government shutdown at the end of the week – and once again funding for U.S. President Donald Trump’s signature border wall has been drastically scaled back.
Read more: Trump reportedly expected to sign bipartisan deal to avoid U.S. government shutdown
The accord, struck late on Monday, contains US$1.375-billion – enough to build about 90 kilometres of wall along the border with Mexico – far short of the US$5.7-billion Mr. Trump had demanded. It is also less than the US$1.6-billion congressional leaders floated in a December deal the President rejected, triggering a 35-day government shutdown followed by two weeks of tense negotiations.
The agreement also aims to rein in the number of unauthorized immigrants held in detention by the government – without imposing a hard cap.
Now, Mr. Trump must decide whether to take the deal and face a backlash from his base or risk angering voters with another stoppage of government services.
“I can’t say I’m happy. I can’t say I’m thrilled,” the President told a cabinet meeting on Tuesday morning. “But the wall is getting built regardless … we’re doing other things beyond what we’re talking about here.”
He added later, “I don’t think you’re going to see a shutdown.”
He did not specify the “other things” he was considering, but the White House has mulled moving money out of other programs to pay for the wall without requiring congressional approval – including, as Politico has reported, disaster relief for California and Puerto Rico and new infrastructure for military bases.
On the campaign trail in 2016, Mr. Trump promised to build a wall between 1,600 and 3,200 kilometres long – and paid for by Mexico. After more than two years in office, he has only secured funding to build about 125 kilometres, three-quarters of which would replace existing fencing. The bill is being footed by U.S. taxpayers.
a short history of
border wall funding
U.S. President Donald Trump made building a
wall along the 2,000-mile (3,200-km) border
with Mexico a central promise in his election
campaign. But so far the actual amount of
funding that Congress has authorized for barri-
ers along the border has fallen far short of what
the President has requested:
2016: On the campaign trail Trump says a
border wall will cost about US$8-to US12-billion.
February, 2017: Department of Homeland
Security estimates peg the cost of
a wall at US$21.6-billion.
May, 2017: Congress authorizes funding for
US$341.2-million to replace 40 miles of
border fencing.
(Approved under Obama.)
January, 2018: Trump says he wants
US$25-billion for a wall.
February, 2018: Congressional Republicans
and Democrats offer competing proposals
for US$25-billion in border wall funding
spread out over a decade, but the deals fall
apart over disagreements on changes to the
immigration system.
March, 2018: Trump signs a bill that autho-
rizes US$1.375-billion for some construction
at the border, including 25 new miles of wall
in Rio Grande Valley of Texas.
January, 2019: Trump asks for US$5.7-bil-
lion for a border wall.
Feb. 12, 2019: Congressional Republicans
and Democrats say they have signed an
agreement in principle to finance
US$1.375-billion for new fencing. If Mr.
Trump agrees to the compromise, Congress
will have funded slightly more than
US$3-billion in border-wall construction,
much of it to replace existing fencing.
tamsin mcmahon and JOHN SOPINSKI/
THE GLOBE AND MAIL, SOURCE: wires
a short history of border wall funding
U.S. President Donald Trump made building a wall along
the 2,000-mile (3,200-km) border with Mexico a central
promise in his election campaign. But so far the actual
amount of funding that Congress has authorized for barri-
ers along the border has fallen far short of what the Presi-
dent has requested:
2016: On the campaign trail
Trump says a border wall will
cost about US$8-to US12-billion.
US$8-to
US12-billion
February, 2017: Department
of Homeland Security
estimates peg the cost of
a wall at US$21.6-billion.
May, 2017: Congress autho-
rizes funding for
US$341.2-million to replace
40 miles of border fencing.
(Approved under Obama.)
US$21.6-billion
January, 2018: Trump says
he wants US$25-billion for a
wall.
February, 2018: Congressio-
nal Republicans and Demo-
crats offer competing propos-
als for US$25-billion in border
wall funding spread out over
a decade, but the deals fall
apart over disagreements on
changes to the immigration
system.
US$341.2-million
US$25-billion
March, 2018: Trump signs a
bill that authorizes
US$1.375-billion for some
construction at the border,
including 25 new miles of
wall in Rio Grande Valley of
Texas.
US$1.375-billion
January, 2019: Trump asks
for US$5.7-billion for a border
wall.
Feb. 12, 2019: Congressional
Republicans and Democrats
say they have signed an
agreement in principle to
finance US$1.375-billion for
new fencing. If Mr. Trump
agrees to the compromise,
Congress will have funded
slightly more than US$3-bil-
lion in border-wall construc-
tion, much of it to replace
existing fencing.
US$5.7-billion
US$1.375-to
US$3-billion
tamsin mcmahon and JOHN SOPINSKI/THE GLOBE
AND MAIL, SOURCE: wires
a short history of border wall funding
U.S. President Donald Trump made building a wall along the 2,000-mile
(3,200-km) border with Mexico a central promise in his election campaign. But so
far the actual amount of funding that Congress has authorized for barriers along
the border has fallen far short of what the President has requested:
2016: On the campaign trail Trump
says a border wall will cost about
US$8-to US12-billion.
February, 2017: Department of Home
land Security estimates peg the cost of
a wall at US$21.6-billion.
US$8-to US12-billion
May, 2017: Congress authorizes fund
ing for US$341.2-million to replace 40
miles of border fencing.
(Approved under Obama.)
January, 2018: Trump says he wants
US$25-billion for a wall.
February, 2018: Congressional Republi-
cans and Democrats offer competing
proposals for US$25-billion in border
wall funding spread out over a decade,
but the deals fall apart over disagree
ments on changes to the immigration
system.
US$21.6-billion
US$341.2-million
March, 2018: Trump signs a bill that
authorizes US$1.375-billion for some
construction at the border, including 25
new miles of wall in Rio Grande Valley
of Texas.
US$25-billion
January, 2019: Trump asks for US$5.7-
billion for a border wall.
US$1.375-billion
Feb. 12, 2019: Congressional Republi-
cans and Democrats say they have
signed an agreement in principle to
finance US$1.375-billion for new fenc-
ing. If Mr. Trump agrees to the compro-
mise, Congress will have funded slight
ly more than US$3-billion in border-wall
construction, much of it to replace
existing fencing.
US$5.7-billion
US$1.375-to US$3-billion
tamsin mcmahon and JOHN SOPINSKI/THE GLOBE AND MAIL, SOURCE: wires
The President is under pressure from Republican congressional leaders to agree to the funding bill. No one is eager for a repeat of the shutdown, during which 800,000 federal employees went unpaid, security lines backed up for hours at major airports, tax returns were unprocessed and some social-housing programs ran out of money.
“We are grateful to our colleagues on the appropriations committee for their leadership and are eager to see them complete this work,” Majority Leader Mitch McConnell said on the floor of the Senate, adding that he hoped to “act on this legislation in short order.”
But the right-wing pundits most aligned with Mr. Trump’s agenda slammed the deal and, in some cases, mocked the President for even considering it.
“Trump talks a good game on the border wall but it’s increasingly clear he’s afraid to fight for it. Call this his ‘Yellow New Deal,’” Ann Coulter tweeted.
Fox News host Sean Hannity gave a look of disgust as he read out the US$1.3-billion figure on the air on Monday.
“Any Republican that supports this garbage compromise, you will have to explain,” he said.
The Democratic Leader in the Senate, Chuck Schumer, tacitly acknowledged that his own party won’t be happy about providing the President with any money for his wall, but he suggested it was worth it to avoid closing the government again.
“As in all bipartisan agreements, everybody had to give something,” he told reporters at the Capitol. “The President should not make the same mistake he made a couple of months ago, when there was a bipartisan agreement and he wouldn’t sign it and caused the shutdown.”
The deal also contains funding for immigration detention beds that would hold roughly 45,000 people every day – a bid by Democrats to reduce the number of people being detained from the current 49,000. That figure has risen steadily over the past two years as the Trump administration has pushed a crackdown on undocumented immigrants and ordered that they be routinely kept in custody while their deportation proceedings unfold.
Much of the government is currently funded with a short-term supply bill that was passed to end the shutdown last month while the two parties negotiated on the wall. It expires late Friday, meaning Congress must pass and Mr. Trump must sign a new bill by then to keep the government open.
The border wall was the foundational promise of Mr. Trump’s presidency – made at his campaign launch in 2015.
But he has failed to fund all but a small fraction of it.
In 2017, Congress allocated US$500-million for wall construction. But those funds were a holdover from the Obama administration rather than new money secured by Mr. Trump.
Last year, the President had an opportunity to secure US$25-billion in funding for border security as part of an immigration reform package that would have included a path to citizenship for 1.8 million “dreamers” – unauthorized immigrants who were brought to the U.S. as children. But negotiations broke down. In the end, the funding bill included just US$1.375-billion for wall construction.
Funding to date provides only enough money to upgrade 146 kilometres of existing border fences and build a little more than 50 kilometres of new wall. The proposed deal would add 90 kilometres to that – which means Mr. Trump will have built slightly less new border wall than Barack Obama did in his first two years as president, although those projects were started under George W. Bush.
The revamped NAFTA between the United States, Canada and Mexico – signed last fall – does not contain any provision for Mexico to pay for the wall. Mr. Trump has insisted that the deal will reduce the U.S. trade deficit, which will constitute “payment” for the wall. The trade-deficit figure measures the value of goods and services sold across the border and does not actually represent a source of revenue for the government.
In a rally in El Paso, Tex., on Monday night, where contractors are in the midst of replacing a four-mile-long fence with 18-foot-high steel slats. Mr. Trump boasted that he has already fulfilled much of his campaign promise. “You really mean ‘Finish that wall,’” he said. “Because we’ve built a lot of it.”
To date construction has started on just eight new miles of 18-foot steel fencing along the Rio Grande in Hidalgo County in South Texas, at a cost of US$167-million. On Tuesday, the National Butterfly Center, based in Mission, Tex., asked a federal judge for a restraining order to stop the construction, which cuts across the non-profit group’s property.