Authorities in Western Australia were searching for a tiny but potentially deadly radioactive capsule that got lost while being transported on a truck from a mine to a depot in the city of Perth, officials said Saturday.
Western Australia emergency services have called on other Australian states and the federal government for support finding the capsule as they lack equipment. The capsule measures eight millimetres by six millimetres (0.31 inches by 0.24 inches), and people have been warned it could have unknowingly become lodged in their car’s tires.
The Department of Fire and Emergency Services has deployed teams with hand-held radiation detection devices and metal detectors along 36 kilometres of a busy freight route to look for the eight millimetres by six millimetres (0.31 inches by 0.24 inches) unit.
It is believed to have fallen off the back of a truck on a 1,400-kilometre journey from the Rio Tinto mine in Newman to the Perth suburb of Malaga.
“What we’re not doing is trying to find a tiny little device by eyesight,” superintendent Darryl Ray, adding they were concentrating on populated areas north of Perth and strategic sites along the Great Northern Highway.
“We’re using the radiation detectors to locate the gamma rays,” he said.
Authorities were also using the truck’s GPS data to determine the exact route the driver took and where it stopped after it left the mine on or about Jan. 10.
There are concerns the solid capsule may have already become lodged in another vehicle’s tire and potentially be hundreds of kilometres away from the search area.
It is believed a screw became loose inside a large lead-lined gauge and the unit fell through a hole.
Rio Tinto said it contracted an expert radioactive materials handler to package the capsule and transport it “safely” to the depot and was not told it was missing until Wednesday.
Rio Tinto apologized on Sunday for losing the highly radioactive capsule.
The cesium 137 ceramic source, commonly used in radiation gauges, emits dangerous amounts of radiation, equivalent of receiving 10 X-rays in an hour. It could cause skin burns and prolonged exposure could cause cancer.
The chief executive of the mining giant Rio Tinto Iron Ore, Simon Trott, said the company was taking the incident very seriously and apologized for causing public concern.
“We recognize this is clearly very concerning and are sorry for the alarm it has caused in the Western Australian community,” Mr. Trott said. “As well as fully supporting the relevant authorities, we have launched our own investigation to understand how the capsule was lost in transit.”
Chief Health Officer Andrew Robertson defended the Western Australia government’s decision to wait two days to inform the public on Friday, saying the mine and depot had to be searched and excluded, and the route confirmed.
He said the capsule was packed in accordance with the radiation safety transport and regulations inside a box bolted onto a pallet.
“We believe the vibration of the truck may have impacted the integrity of the gauge, that it fell apart and the source actually came out of it,” he said. “It is unusual for a gauge to come apart like this one has.”
An investigation will look at the handling of the gauge and capsule at the mine site, the transport route used and the procedures at the depot in Perth after it arrived on Jan. 16.
Police have determined the incident to be an accident and no criminal charges are likely.
Authorities ruled out theft at the depot before the box was opened on Wednesday.
The small silver cylinder is a cesium 137 ceramic source commonly used in radiation gauges.
Dr. Robertson previously said the unit emits the equivalent of 10 X-rays in an hour and that members of the public should stay at least five metres away. Contact could result in skin damage, burns and radiation sickness, including effects to the immune and the gastrointestinal systems.
Long-term exposure could also cause cancer, however, experts say the capsule cannot be weaponized.
“Our concern is someone will pick it up, not knowing what it is, think this is something interesting [and] keep it,” Dr. Robertson said.